Essay about Abilities Of People With Disabilities - 701 Words

Abilities of People With Disabilities Chris Moore nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Assumption: A person with mental retardation cannot be trained to perform a job as well as an employee without a disability. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Fact: Over two thirds of Pizza Hut employees have mental retardation. The average turnover rate (the rate at which workers quit) of these employees is a modest twenty percent compared to a one hundred and fifty percent turnover of employees without disabilities. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;It is this kind of thinking that limits the ability of people with disabilities to find employment more than any other factor. In an E-Mail on Thursday, November 7, 1996, Barbara Sommer, Disabilities Employment†¦show more content†¦woman for not hiring her and then ordered that she be hired as an attendant at a mental retardation facility. The EEOC said, quot;It is not necessary that a condition be involuntary or immutable to be covered.quot; In September of 1993, Californias Supreme Court ruled that a health-food store owner could not reject a job applicant if her fatness were the result of a faulty metabolism or a psychological systemic prob lem, but could if it were the persons fault. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pregnancy is usually considered a natural occurrence that all people accept, but from 1965 to 1978 ATamp;T forced pregnant women to take unpaid maternity leaves, awarded those employees less seniority than others on disability, and gave them no guarantee that they could return to their jobs or equivalent positions. Georgetown University Law Professor Wendy Williams, the major proponent of equal treatment, maintains that since quot;pregnancy leads to a physical inability to work, it should be treated as any other temporary physical disability.quot; Laws that give pregnant women specific privileges, she and others argue, imply unequal status and are likely to prove detrimental to women in the long run. Do these women not deserve to be not separate, not special, but just equal? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;By now you may be wondering,Show MoreRelatedThe Prevalence Of Childhood Disability967 Words   |  4 Pageschildhood disability has continued to increase, growin g by 15.6% between 2001–2002 and 2010–2011. Nearly 6 million children were considered disabled in 2010–2011.†Houtrow(2014) The United States civilians have had a negative attitude toward people with disabilities. Donaldson(1980) says that they are attempting to change the attitudes towards people with disabilities. 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It is important to recognise an individual as a person as it is their human right to be seen as such. If an individual is not seen as a person it devalues them and isolates them from everyday society making them feel â€Å"different†. 2. Describe the importance of recognising an individual’s strengths and abilities A. Recognising a person’s strengths and abilities encouragesRead MoreUnderstand Physical disability Essay1189 Words   |  5 Pages Unit 32 Understand physical Disability 1. Understand the importance of differentiating between the individual and the disability. 1.1 Explain why it is important to recognize and value an individual as a person It is important because each person deserves respect and each person has their own individual needs. Not every person is the same, and treating a person in the exact same way as everyone else may not be the best way to help show that persons individuality. 1.2 Describe theRead MoreMy Experiences With Disability And Disability1491 Words   |  6 PagesExperiences with Disability Introduction†¦ Disability is prominent in our society and it is important that we live and work in communities that are inclusive to those with limitations, and provide necessary supports to them. As a young adult I have learned and experienced more about disability than when I was younger. I have gained the most knowledge about disability through university classes, but there have also been times growing up where I encountered individuals with various disabilities, either throughRead MoreDisability And Disability Reflection Paper1153 Words   |  5 Pagescompleting my FSP course, Ability and Disability: Deconstructing the Social and Cultural Gaze. As part of this semester, our class had the opportunity to spend time with an organization that involved people with disabilities. This was called our Community Engaged Learning (CEL). Our class, for our CEL, worked with the organization Arc Mercer, located in Trenton, NJ. Arc Mercer is a non-profit organization, and their goal is to service people with developmental disabilities with opportunities to chooseRead MoreAchieving Increased Self Esteem Through Adaptive Sports1141 Words   |  5 Pagesthan everyone else† (Voight, 2012). Thusly how can a person with a disability compete, live, love and be loved in a society that renders them less than adequate and incapable. For millions of people with disabilities attaining self-actualization, positive self- image, and building the healthiest body one can achieve is impossible. How can a person attain higher levels of mental and physical functions when many persons with disabilities cannot complete their basic physiological needs? Imagine how a disabledRead MoreSpeech : A Child With Autism989 Words   |  4 Pagestook at the elementary school! I have no super powers for working with students with disabilities – I am just like every other teacher. The students do not need any special places, with special teachers. We no longer hide anyone with disabilities from society . We do not need to keep them safe, and we do not need to keep society safe from them. I want to address the language you use about people with disabilities. I have heard you use the word â€Å"retarded.† We no longer use that word to address anyone

Techniques Used In Estimating The Age Architecture Essay Free Essays

Forensic anthropologists are experienced in the designation of human remains. One of the first inquiries to be asked upon the find of skeletal remains is are they of a human or animate being? Once the beginning of the castanetss has been established it so has to be determined as to whether the remains are of forensic or archeological birthplace. The customary clip he lapsed since decease should be less than 70 old ages if it is to be classed as a forensic instance. We will write a custom essay sample on Techniques Used In Estimating The Age Architecture Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is due to the fact that if the remains are discovered after 70 old ages it will be harder to convey an person to justness or a dependable informant being found. ( Scheuer 2002 ) The usage of Osteological stuff in a forensic instance is peculiarly utile during the designation procedure of disconnected or disarticulated remains. Age is merely one of the four chief biological properties used in the designation of skeletal remains. ( Zioupos et al 2004 ) . All must be considered independently ab initio before uniting or properties in order of obtaining possible designation. The four chief properties of biological individuality that most forensic anthropologists paper to find are age, sex, stature and cultural background. The truth of these depend chiefly on which a peculiar elements of the organic structure are present and besides the province of saving of the remains. The truth of designation besides varies harmonizing to whether the person is an grownup or a juvenile. The appraisal of age at decease of grownup skeletal remains is one of the more hard undertakings undertaken by physical anthropologists. ( Buckberry and Chamberlain 2002 ) Determining age at decease Age related alterations in the skeleton may reflect three different stages of the lifetime ; growing and development, stableness and aging. The first stage is represented by kids and immature grownups, who undergo alterations that proceed at a moderately predictable rate in a good documented form. Once growing has ceased at alterations in grownup forms even within a individual skeletons vary greatly and are more single and population particular. They are besides affected by factors such as wellness position business and nutrition. In add-on most of the methods used in grownup aging rely on methods developed from big archeological samples of all known sex and age. Aging in grownups can be carried out utilizing dentitions, sutura closing and the otic surface of the Ilium. Morphological alterations of the otic surfaces of the illium provide first-class age indexs for grownup remains. This surface undergoes regular progressive alterations from age 18 onwards. Using the criterion aging stage set out by Todd ( 1920 ) it is possible to determine an age scope of +- 10 old ages. Using the suturas of the skull it is besides possible to gauge age in grownups. This is done utilizing a marking system set out by Meindl and Lovejoy ( 1985 ) . These suturas fuse together at different times during life. Another method is utilizing the wear on dentitions ; chiefly it is easier to utilize the grinders. This is because one time the lasting dentitions have erupted they start to have on. These wear forms are caused when masticating and diet. Besides wear can be contributed to by crunching dentitions. These criterions are set out by Lovejoy ( 1985 ) besides give a scope of +- 10 old ages. There is besides another method for aging utilizing dentitions which is utilizing root transparence set out by Lamendin et Al ( 1992 ) . Yet once more because of the atomization of the castanetss it is non ever possible to age them. Aging juveniles is a little easier as juvenile castanetss fuse together at the epiphysis at different phases in growing and development. Besides in juveniles it is possible to age so utilizing the eruption of dentitions. The Auricular surface of the Troy Buckberry and Chamberlain ( 2002 ) based their methods of aging utilizing the Auricular surface of the Ilium on a method that was foremost set out by Lovejoy Et Al ( 1985 ) . This method was used to enter age related phases for different characteristics of the Auricular surface. Which are so combined to supply a composite mark from which an appraisal of age at decease is obtained. Lovejoy described eight modal age phases into which the Auricular surface could be placed utilizing these primary ripening characteristics. However the separate characteristics of the Auricular surface described by Lovejoy Et Al ( 1985 ) such as porousness, surface texture, and fringy alterations appear to develop independently of each other. The age of oncoming for each phase of the different characteristics of the Auricular surface appear to change, and as a effect the five twelvemonth age classs of Lovejoy Et Al ( 1985 ) tend to overlap. Early appearance characteristics still present on the Auricular sur face of older persons were described by Lovejoy Et Al ( 1985 ) as â€Å" residuary † . The fact that this fluctuation that can happen within a individual regular surface indicates that this method oversimplifies the alterations seen, and that the five twelvemonth interval in assorted strategies of age appraisal may be optimistically to contract. This job and contributes to the trouble found when using this method as it leads to uncertainness and in some instances confusion in delegating single Auricular surfaces two a peculiar age phase. In position of these jobs Buckberry and Chamberlain ( 2002 ) revised the method set out by Lovejoy Et Al ( 1985 ) . Each characteristic of the Auricular surface was examined separately. This system will do it easier to use and suit the convergence are frequently seen between different phases. It utilised all the alterations seen in the Otic surface as used by Lovejoy Et Al ( 1985 ) . The method used by Buckberry and Chamberlain ( 2002 ) instead than being grouped together with all the characteristics into five twelvemonth modal age phases. The revised Auricular surface method of age appraisal allows for a more realistic reading of the alterations. Although the age estimations produced by this method are wider, this method is easier to use and may be more dependable than that of Lovejoy Et Al ( 1985 ) . The pubic symphysis The pubic symphyses have importance in the field of forensic anthropology, as they can be used to gauge the age of grownup skeletons. Throughout life, the surfaces of the pubic symphysis are worn at a more or less predictable rate. By analyzing the wear of the pubic symphysis, it is possible to gauge the age of the individual at decease. Up to the age of 40 old ages the morphology of the ventral Demiface of the pubic symphysis undergoes a drawn-out period of age related alteration, and can hence be used in age appraisal utilizing component stage analysis ( Suchey 1979 ; Brooks and Suchey 1990 ) . The morphological characteristics on the symphyseal surface used in finding age of an person are ridges and furrows, dorsal border, ventral bevelling, lower appendage, ossific nodule, ventral bulwark, dorsal tableland and symphyseal rim ( Sinha and Gupta 1995 ) Juveniles Estimating the age in juveniles is a comparatively hard thing to make. Juvenile age is reliant on the epiphysial merger of the articulations ; the finding of the figure of erupted dentitions might lend to the appraisal of age at decease every bit good as to the designation process of unknown skeletons. During the development and growing the skeleton undergoes a sequence of alterations get downing with the formation and eruption of deciduous dentitions and their replacing with lasting teething this procedure is normally completed excepting the 3rd grinders by about the age of 12. Although the timing of this can change a small depending on sex, race, and wellness factors. Age at decease in juveniles can normally be estimated to within 1year if the appropriate criterions are used. Several methods of dental age appraisal in non-adults have been used: the Atlass method of Schour and Massler ( 1940 ) , the diagram of Gustafson and Koch ( 1974 ) . For the intent of this work the specific set by Ubelaker ( 1989 ) will be used. A new method for aging juveniles utilizing tooth eruption is a comprehensive grounds based Atlass which can be used to gauge age utilizing both tooth development and alveolar eruption for persons between 28 hebdomadsin utero up to 23 old ages ; the chief difference between this method and the method set out by Ubelaker ( 1989 ) is that it shows developmental ages without spreads or convergences AlQahtani et Al ( 2009 ) . Bibliography Demirjian A, Goldstein H. Tanner JM. ( 1973 ) A new system of dental age appraisal. Hum. Biol. 45 211-227 Lamendin H, Baccino E, Humbert JF, Tavernier JC, Nossintchouk RM, Zerilli A ( 1992 ) . A simple technique for age appraisal in grownup cadavers: The two standards dental method. Journal of forensic scientific disciplines 37:1973-1379 AlQahtani S J, H M Liversidge, M P Hector ( 2009 ) . Atlas of human toothdevelopment and eruption. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. ( In print ) . Sinha A, Gupta V. ( 1995 ) A survey on appraisal of age from pubic symphysis. Forensic Science International. 75:73-78 Buckberry J, Chamberlain A. ( 2002 ) . Age appraisal from the otic surface of the illium: A revised method. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 119:231-239 Todd TW. ( 1920 ) . Age alterations in the pubic bone I. The male white pubic bone. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 3:285-334 Lovejoy C, Meindl R, Pryzbeck T, Mensforth R. ( 1985 ) . Chronological metabolism of the otic surface of the illium: a new method for the finding of grownup skeletal age at decease. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 68:15-28 Scheuer L. ( 2002 ) . Application of Osteology to forensic medical specialty. Clinical Anatomy. 15:297-312 How to cite Techniques Used In Estimating The Age Architecture Essay, Essay examples

Business Case for American Multinational - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Case for American Multinational Technology. Answer: Introduction Innovation management helps in introducing new ideas, products and processes while responding to external and internal opportunities (Yoo, 2013). This report is a business case that is a justification for the proposed project as it offers commercial benefits. The company chosen for the purpose of this report is Apple Inc. It is an American multinational technology company headquartered in California that designs, develops and sells consumer electronics. The company sells smartphones, tablets, television and other electronics. The organization was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Qozniak and Ronald Wayne and sold only computers in the beginning. Ever since, Apple has been looking into things and creating new technologies (Yoo, 2013). They intend to be the first movers and capture the market by innovating new technologies and products. They have been updating the iPhone- smartphone of Apple by developing internal and external components. The company has been constantly working on its operating system, camera, display, screen size and battery to provide the best user experience. It is a luxurious product and iPhones are expensive n comparison with other smartphones such as Samsung, HTC and Motorola. This report aims at providing an innovative smartphone- iPhone X which has a bezel-less design as there is no home button. It has other advanced technological features like Face ID facial recognition and wireless charging (Brexendorf, Bayus, Keller, 2015). The Problem that Innovation can Solve It is analyzed that the other smartphones that are Android-based face common issues. The major issues faced by the smartphone users are the design, battery life, resolution, camera, and vulnerability. Currently, all the smartphone companies are focusing on providing customers with the best features at low prices. The competition in the smartphone industry has significantly increased that calls for innovation. Nowadays, the phones are not just used to make calls, text or stream music and videos. With the advent of technology, the applications are designed to enhance user experience. For using the applications, one needs a smartphone that supports without slowing the speed (Norman Verganti, 2014). The smartphones are not usually dust and water resistant. The customers are annoyed by the long charging cables that have to be pulled in and out daily. The customers also face trouble as they have to find a socket which can be difficult at public places. The innovation can resolve the problem as it has wireless charging feature adding to convenience. It is further argued that the smartphone users face issues regarding storage space. In the current world, people are highly reliant on clicking pictures and shooting videos to make memories (Spence, 2017). But, the storage space in the smartphone is not sufficient as the games and other applications take up a lot of space. The innovation of adding to space of 64GB and 256GB as internal storage is that the features can be fully explored and users can make most memories (Kelly, 2017). One of the most innovative features in iPhone X is that it has Face ID feature. Usually, the users suffer hacking issues as they may attempt to crack codes and misuse the information present on the smartphone. iPhone X uses Face ID innovative feature as there is a chance that maybe one in a million shall be able to unlock the phone (Haselton, 2017). The smartphone users often complain that they are unable to capture the true colours or have a low brightness. The users also complain that the smartphones have LED display that is more energy consuming than organic light-emitting diode (OLED). The users often complain that the bezels on their smartphone are distracting. It also disrupts the beauty of the phone and obstructs the perfect screen for viewing content. While clicking pictures or shooting videos, the users might face troubles as camera shakes and the results obtained are blurry. The innovative feature Dual Image Stabilization helps avoid blurry result by shifting the sensor (Silver, 2017). Benefits of the Innovation The innovation in iPhone X shall help addressing the above problems. It provides wireless charging feature that adds to convenience. The customers would not have to deal with cords and all the phones can be charged simultaneously. Even if the customers have to drop their phone at the charging station, wireless charging is beneficial (Gartenberg, 2017). A storage space of 64GB and 256GB has not been available on a smartphone before as internal storage as it takes space on the smartphone. Talking about the iPhone X Face ID feature, it is argued that the innovative feature ensures privacy, security and confidentiality. The previous smartphones of Apple has finger touch option which may be cracked by 1 person in 50,000 (Haselton, 2017). The face detection on iPhone X is more secure and faster that a fingerprint reader (Gartenberg, 2017). The attractive and innovative feature of iPhone X is that it has Super Retina HD display that is used through the first OLED screen. This screen can resolve the display and colour issues that are usually faced by the users. In the current world, people are highly reliant on clicking pictures and shooting videos to make memories. The colours on the phone appear stunning with high brightness as every pixel has its own light source. It shall also prove efficient and hence save power as the pixels turn on when needed (Lyons, 2017). The issue addressed due to bezel is removed through the innovative feature with all-screen display. The new bezel-less phone shall allow a perfect display for viewing content. The screen size appears bigger adding to a beautiful design. The benefit that is added by A11 Bionic chip with 64-bit architecture is that it is faster than Qualcomm. Also, it occupies 30% less surface area in the CPU. As discussed earlier, the dual image stabilization shall be beneficia l for the users as the images and videos captured shall not be blurry and result into fine outputs (Zafar, 2017). Strategic Response or Plan The innovation idea needs to be included in the long-range strategic plan. The first step is to develop short-term and long-term objectives for converting work from conceptual to concrete. The short-term objectives through the iPhone X innovation are to attain sales and profitability. The long-term objective is to add to the loyal customers who shall look forward to Apples organizational innovation and success. The initiatives shall be aligned as there is demand by the luxurious segment for a smartphone that makes their possession unique (Norman Verganti, 2014). Secondly, similar organizations such as Samsung, HTC and Sony shall be studied as they are inspiring. These competitors have been coming up with their innovations as well and offering products at lower prices. The budget that can be allocated as short-term requirements and performance incentives can be linked to performance against strategy. Further, a transformational strategy shall be required by the organization to efficiently deliver the innovative strategy. The staffs at Apple need to be engaged. The staffs must be prepared that strategy requires change. The company has been constantly working on its operating system, camera, display, screen size and battery to provide the best user experience. It is a luxurious product and iPhones are expensive in comparison with other smartphones such as Samsung, HTC and Motorola. The key hurdles that may be experienced by the staffs at Apple are necessary to overcome for achieving execution. Further, the staff members need to understand strategic vision, themes and roles that need to be played in strategic vision. The employees are expected to change for the organizational success. Lastly, the strategy must be monitored and adapted so that they can change our internal and external environments. The leaders shall set innovative targets and they must communicate on a regular basis to monitor progress. It might take years for the innovation to be successful but the right program and attention from execu tives can help succeed. Project Options Analysis The options and feasibility analysis is a systematic evaluation and assessment of the alternative approaches for achieving the project objectives. The first step is option identification. The do-nothing or baseline scenario should be included. In case of no investment situation, the smartphone users shall continue to face issues regarding wireless charging, poor display, low quality images and videos, and smaller screen. The do minimum option that shall provide the least cost solution for achieving investment goals shall be USD 1 million. Further, do-something option for the project involves the investment of technical, compliance, regulatory and demand constraints. The do-something options involves an amount of USD 1.5 million. The focus of analysts shall be placed in the pricing policy. The phone may be sold at a price of USD 999 per piece (Nicolaisen Nss, 2015). A demand analysis shall be conducted by evaluating the need for investment proposal through assessing current demand and forecast demand. The available technology plays a significant role in making a project feasible. The option selection can be made by comparing the alternatives with a unique common effect. The staff requirements shall be reviewed by training them with the right skills. It is therefore determined that the project proposal can add to the benefits of consumers and address their common issues with smartphone. Delivery of the Recommended Solution Any individual can create new ideas, but its implementation is challenging. The solution recommended can be delivered by following a balanced approach. The goals for innovation network can be designed that can positively impact the business scenario. A scalable platform shall be designed by increasing employee engagement in the innovation process. The next step is to establish the right organizational principles (Slater, Mohr, Sengupta, 2014). This is the key to promoting innovation and the talented employees can help deliver new ways of working for benefitting the clients. The goal of initial implementation is to put the new practices in place at selected implementation sites. Practitioners in the sites are trained and begin to use the practices or innovation. The goals of full implementation are to assure practices are used with high fidelity, and are achieving expected outcomes at all initial sites. Orientation activities provide necessary training and support to newly hired prac titioners and leaders so they can use and sustain the new practices (Lingelbach, Sriram, Mersha, Saffu, 2015). Next, it is important to expand in the market by expansion plans. Appropriate finding and policies shall be required to increase data systems and supporting the new sites. The idea of lauching iPhone X must be done by reducing risk and providing incremental funding, rewards and recognition. The activities provide training and support to hired practitioners so that the new proposal of iPhone X can be well implemented. During initial implementation, the communication plan needs to be outlined in front of the stakeholders so that they are aware of the progress and important changes (Mahr, Lievens, Blazevic, 2014). Conclusion The above business case is a justification for the proposed project for iPhone X as it offers commercial benefits. The company has been constantly working on its operating system, camera, display, screen size and battery to provide the best user experience. Nowadays, the phones are not just used to make calls, text or stream music and videos. But, the storage space in the smartphone is not sufficient as the games and other applications take up a lot of space. Even if the customers have to drop their phone at the charging station, wireless charging is beneficial. The colours on the phone appear stunning with high brightness as every pixel has its own light source. The initiatives shall be aligned as there is demand by the luxurious segment for a smartphone that makes their possession unique. It is a luxurious product and iPhones are expensive in comparison with other smartphones such as Samsung, HTC and Motorola. The leaders shall set innovative targets and they must communicate on a regular basis to monitor progress. In case of no investment situation, the smartphone users shall continue to face issues regarding wireless charging, poor display, low quality images and videos, and smaller screen. The available technology plays a significant role in making a project feasible. References Brexendorf, T. O., Bayus, B., Keller, K. L. (2015). Understanding the interplay between brand and innovation management: findings and future research directions.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,43(5), 548-557. Gartenberg, C. (2017).Samsung's component division will make more money off the iPhone X than the Galaxy S8.The Verge. Retrieved 3 October 2017, from https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2017/10/2/16404430/samsung-iphone-x-galaxy-s8-screen-components-money-revenue-display Haselton, T. (2017).Apple's upcoming iPhone face recognition said to be faster and more secure than fingerprint reader.CNBC. Retrieved 3 October 2017, from https://www.cnbc.com/2017/08/07/iphone-8-face-id-said-to-be-faster-and-more-secure-than-touch-id.html Kelly, G. (2017).iPhone X Vs iPhone 8 Plus: What's The Difference?.Forbes.com. Retrieved 3 October 2017, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/gordonkelly/2017/10/01/iphone-x-vs-iphone-8-plus-whats-the-difference/#1cce4ec31543 Lingelbach, D., Sriram, V., Mersha, T., Saffu, K. (2015). The innovation process in emerging economies: An effectuation perspective.The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation,16(1), 5-17. Lyons, J. (2017).What Is Super Retina Display? The iPhone X Has Crazy High-Tech Resolution.Bustle. Retrieved 3 October 2017, from https://www.bustle.com/p/what-is-super-retina-display-the-iphone-x-has-crazy-high-tech-resolution-2343801 Mahr, D., Lievens, A., Blazevic, V. (2014). The value of customer cocreated knowledge during the innovation process.Journal of Product Innovation Management,31(3), 599-615. Nicolaisen, M. S., Nss, P. (2015). Roads to nowhere: The accuracy of travel demand forecasts for do-nothing alternatives.Transport Policy,37, 57-63. Norman, D. A., Verganti, R. (2014). Incremental and radical innovation: Design research vs. technology and meaning change.Design issues,30(1), 78-96. Silver, C. (2017).Apple iPhone X: 10 Logical Reasons Why You Can't Wait To Buy This Phone.Forbes.com. Retrieved 3 October 2017, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/curtissilver/2017/09/26/apple-iphone-x-10-logical-reasons-why-you-cant-wait-to-buy-this-phone/#132be89b1d6c Slater, S. F., Mohr, J. J., Sengupta, S. (2014). Radical product innovation capability: Literature review, synthesis, and illustrative research propositions.Journal of Product Innovation Management,31(3), 552-566. Spence, E. (2017).New iPhone X Rules Expose Arrogant Apple.Forbes.com. Retrieved 3 October 2017, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/ewanspence/2017/10/02/apple-iphonex-notch-design-arrogant-wrong-flawed/#620e490c730c West, J., Bogers, M. (2014). Leveraging external sources of innovation: a review of research on open innovation.Journal of Product Innovation Management,31(4), 814-831. Yoo, Y. (2013). The tables have turned: How can the information systems field contribute to technology and innovation management research?.Journal of the Association for Information Systems,14(5), 227. Zafar, R. (2017).Apple's A11 Bionic Chip Decreases CPU1 Surface Area By 30%; 2017 iPhone GPU Is Still A Six Core Design Similar To Predecessor.Wccftech. Retrieved 3 October 2017, from https://wccftech.com/apple-iphone-8-plus-a11-bionic-complete-teardown/